USCCB President Archbishop Timothy Broglio speaks at the bishops’ spring meeting, Thursday, June 13, 2024. / Credit: USCCB

CNA Staff, Jul 3, 2025 / 18:38 pm (CNA).

The U.S. House of Representatives passed the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act” on Thursday, just in time for President Donald Trump to schedule his signing into law of the controversial bill on the Fourth of July.

Following the bill’s passage, Archbishop Timothy Broglio, president of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB), issued a statement lamenting “the great harm the bill will cause to many of the most vulnerable in society.”

Specifically, Broglio faulted the legislation for including “unconscionable cuts to health care and food assistance, tax cuts that increase inequality, immigration provisions that harm families and children, and cuts to programs that protect God’s creation.”

Broglio also expressed disappointment over several “positive aspects” of the bill in the final version approved on Thursday that were either reduced or removed. In particular, he cited the reduction of federal funds to Planned Parenthood from 10 years to only one, the weakening of educational parental choice provisions, and the elimination of restrictions on the use of federal dollars for so-called “gender transition” medical procedures.

In the face of this situation, Broglio affirmed that “the Catholic Church’s teaching to uphold human dignity and the common good compels us to redouble our efforts and offer concrete help to those who will be in greater need and continue to advocate for legislative efforts that will provide better possibilities in the future for those in need.”

In the run-up to the passage of the measure in the U.S. House and Senate, the USCCB had delineated concerns over numerous aspects of the bill, including its tax provisions, increased immigration enforcement, the reduction of federal safety net programs, and the reduction of green energy and environmental programs.

The measure also raises the debt ceiling by $5 trillion.

Defunding Planned Parenthood

Meanwhile, following the bill’s passage, Marjorie Dannenfelser, president of Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America, told CNA that “the ‘One Big Beautiful Bill’ delivers a historic win on a critical priority: stopping forced taxpayer funding of the abortion industry.”

The bill halts for one year taxpayer funding through Medicaid of abortion providers such as Planned Parenthood. Even though the original bill proposed a 10-year stop to funding, Dannenfelser called the one-year pause “the greatest pro-life victory since the Dobbs decision.”

“This will save lives and strip over $500 million from Big Abortion’s coffers,” she continued. “Combined with last week’s Supreme Court decision empowering states to do the same, this represents tremendous progress toward achieving a decades-long goal that has long proved elusive.”

“Women are far better served at federally qualified health centers, which outnumber Planned Parenthood locations 15 to 1 nationwide and provide comprehensive, accessible care to Medicaid recipients and families in need,” Dannenfelser affirmed.

Administration aims to deport 1 million people per year

The Trump administration is now touting its plan to deport 1 million unauthorized immigrants per year as a result of the bill’s more than $150 billion in funding for border security and deportation efforts, which include expanding ICE detention capacity by 100,000 beds, the hiring of over 10,000 new ICE agents, and the completion of construction of a border wall.

In an interview with CNN just prior to the bill’s passage, the archbishop of Washington, D.C., Cardinal Robert McElroy, called the Trump administration’s mass deportation policies “morally repugnant” and “inhumane.”

While he acknowledged the government’s right to deport those convicted of serious crimes, he said the bigger issue is the U.S. political system’s failure to reform immigration laws. 

McElroy said the administration’s removal of protections against arrests in sensitive areas like churches has instilled fear, with some immigrants avoiding worship services. 

Paul Hunker, a former head lawyer for ICE in Dallas who is now a private immigration attorney, told CNA that he has seen the Trump administration deport a lot of hardworking people with no criminal history and expects to see more of that now that the bill has passed.

“This is bad for those deported and for society as well,” Hunker said.

Following the anti-ICE riots in Los Angeles last month, Archbishop José Gómez of Los Angeles said: “We all agree that we don’t want undocumented immigrants who are known terrorists or violent criminals in our communities. But there is no need for the government to carry out enforcement actions in a way that provokes fear and anxiety among ordinary, hardworking immigrants and their families.”

According to a recent Quinnipiac University poll, 64% of voters say they prefer giving most undocumented immigrants in the United States a pathway to legal status, while 31% say they prefer deporting most undocumented immigrants in the United States.

null / Credit: Stephen Kiers/Shutterstock

CNA Staff, Jul 3, 2025 / 17:46 pm (CNA).

Congress has approved a historic school choice scholarship program designed to help families send their children to the schools of their choice — a “weakened” form of a program long anticipated by the U.S. Catholic bishops. 

With the passage of the “One, Big, Beautiful Bill Act,” tax credits will be given to donors who contribute to nonprofit scholarship-granting organizations in what school choice advocates have called a “historic” moment for school choice.  

The bill, which the president is expected to sign on Independence Day, will create a school choice tax credit program that states can opt in to. The spending cap for the Educational Choice for Children Act (ECCA) is not yet clear, though in a previous House version of the bill, it was capped at about $5 billion annually. 

The tax credit program will likely make Catholic schools more accessible for students across the country.

Earlier this year, an annual Catholic school data report by the National Catholic Educational Association (NCEA) found that 18% of students use school choice programs. With the rising access to school choice programs across various states in recent years, the percentage has been growing and is up 5% from last year’s report.

Scholarships can be used not only for tuition but also for other educational necessities such as books and computer software.

The NCEA, a longtime advocate of school choice, applauded the inclusion of the ECCA in the bill.

Because of the bill, “families nationwide may receive additional assistance toward exercising their parental right to choose the educational options that best meet the needs of their children,” said NCEA Vice President of Public Policy Sister Dale McDonald of the Sisters of the Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary.

McDonald told CNA that “NCEA looks forward to welcoming students in Catholic schools across the nation whose families may now be able to access a Catholic education for their children.”

John DeJak, director for the Secretariat of Catholic Education for the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB), told CNA that this legislation was long anticipated but added that he had some concerns about its implementation. 

“U.S. Catholic bishops have been advocating for this type of legislation for a long time,” DeJak said.

The USCCB’s support for the bill, he said, stems from both a desire to help families afford education and “to support the Church’s teaching on parents as the primary educators.”

But the bill comes with lots of “unknowns,” said DeJak, who has concerns about the implementation of the bill and religious liberty protections.

As the bill went back and forth between the House and Senate, “it was significantly watered down,” DeJak noted.

The ECCA is an “opt in” program, meaning that states are not required to participate. In addition, the later versions of the bill removed religious liberty clauses that emphasized freedom of operation for schools.

“There are no explicit protections for religious liberty, which is a problem for us,” DeJak said. 

“That doesn’t mean we won’t be able to participate,” he said, adding that “much remains to be seen in terms of rulemaking, in terms of state and local conditions.” 

DeJak looked ahead to continuing advocacy for school choice. Federal and state groups will have to continue advocating for school choice as the program is implemented, he acknowledged.

“It’s important for the USCCB to remain advocates and engaged at the federal level… but also advocacy by bishops in their diocese and in their states, and with their state Catholic conferences,” DeJak said.

He put it simply: “We are positive, but cautious.”

The Catholic bishops will continue to advocate “for even more robust parental choice,” DeJak added.

“The bishops have long supported parents in their liberty and their freedom to choose the best education for their kids and legislation that gives them tools to do that.”

Tommy Schultz, CEO of the national school choice group American Federation for Children, called the passing of school choice “a historic moment for America’s families and students” and eagerly anticipated Trump signing it into law. 

Schultz emphasized in his July 3 statement that his organization will “continue to fight to ensure that this tax credit scholarship mechanism is well implemented — and expanded as soon as possible.”

Pope Leo XIV prays with pilgrims gathered in St. Peter’s Square at the Vatican for his general audience on Wednesday, May 28, 2025. / Credit: Daniel Ibañez/CNA

CNA Staff, Jul 3, 2025 / 16:50 pm (CNA).

Pope Leo XIV’s prayer intention for the month of July is for formation in discernment.

“Let us pray that we might again learn how to discern, to know how to choose paths of life and reject everything that leads us away from Christ and the Gospel,” the pope said in a video released July 3.

The Holy Father offered the faithful a prayer to guide them in learning how to discern. In the prayer he also encourages Catholics to call upon the Holy Spirit to help inform their decisions.

According to a press release, this month’s video was made in collaboration with the Diocese of Brooklyn, New York, and DeSales Media, a diocesan organization that specializes in communication and media.

“In the rush of daily life, we must learn to pause and create sacred moments for prayer,” said Bishop Robert Brennan of Brooklyn in the press release. “It is in these quiet spaces of attentive listening that we discover which paths truly matter and find the discernment to choose what truly leads to joy that comes only from God.”

Here is Pope Leo’s full prayer for discernment:

Holy Spirit, you, light of our understanding,
gentle breath that guides our decisions,
grant me the grace to listen attentively to your voice
and to discern the hidden paths of my heart,
so that I may grasp what truly matters to you,
and free my heart from its troubles.

I ask you for the grace to learn how to pause,
to become aware of the way I act,
of the feelings that dwell within me,
and of the thoughts that overwhelm me
which, so often, I fail to notice.

I long for my choices
to lead me to the joy of the Gospel.
Even if I must go through moments of doubt and fatigue,
even if I must struggle, reflect, search, and begin again…
Because, at the end of the journey,
your consolation is the fruit of the right decision.

Grant me a deeper understanding of what moves me,
so that I may reject what draws me away from Christ,

and love him and serve him more fully.

Amen.

The video prayer intention is promoted by the Pope’s Worldwide Prayer Network, which raises awareness of monthly papal prayer intentions.

null / Credit: Wolfgang Schaller|Shutterstock

CNA Staff, Jul 3, 2025 / 15:33 pm (CNA).

The U.S. Supreme Court during its next term will consider two cases addressing whether or not states can ban males from participating in female sports leagues.

The high court said on Thursday that it would hear arguments in Hecox v. Little, out of Idaho, as well as the case B.P.J. v. West Virginia State Board of Education.

Both cases arose from lawsuits brought by young men who identify as female and who sued against the states’ respective bans on boys competing in girls’ sports.

The West Virginia dispute arose after a then-11-year-old boy brought a lawsuit against the state over its Save Women’s Sports Act. The 4th Circuit Court of Appeals blocked the law last year, claiming its enforcement would harm the boy “on the basis of sex.”

In the Idaho case, meanwhile, a male athlete sued the state over its Fairness in Women’s Sports Act, which was passed to block males from gaining access to women’s sporting leagues. The 9th Circuit Court of Appeals similarly upheld a block on the law in 2023. 

This is not the first time Idaho has been to the Supreme Court over transgender policy. The state last year won a temporary victory at the high court when it was given emergency relief that allowed it to enforce its ban on doctors performing sex-change operations on children. Challenges to that law are still playing out in court. 

Disputes over transgender ideology have been playing out at the federal level since President Donald Trump took office in January.

Trump that month signed an executive order billed as “defending women from gender ideology extremism,” one that the White House said restored “biological truth to the federal government.”

That order included measures removing gender ideology guidance, communication, policies, and forms from governmental agencies and affirming that the word “woman” means “adult human female.”

It further ordered that government identification like passports and personnel records must reflect biological reality and “not self-assessed gender identity.” 

The president also signed orders banning transgender-identifying soldiers from the military and restricting transgender surgeries and drugs for minors. The orders have been challenged in federal court. 

The federal government has elsewhere moved quickly to enforce its policies on gender ideology. This week the University of Pennsylvania, under pressure from the Trump administration, agreed to modify its athletic records to re-award several Division I titles to female athletes whose distinctions were overtaken by Lia Thomas, a biological male who identifies as female and who was allowed to compete against women in competitive swimming.

The university is further required to announce that henceforth it will not allow biological males to compete against females in athletic programs. The school will also apologize to female athletes who had to compete against Thomas.

The Wisconsin Supreme Court building in Madison, Wisconsin. / Credit: Richard Hurd/Wikimedia Commons

CNA Staff, Jul 3, 2025 / 15:03 pm (CNA).

Here is a roundup of recent pro-life and abortion-related news.

Wisconsin Catholic leaders decry repealed abortion ban

After the Wisconsin Supreme Court ruled that a historic pro-life law was unenforceable, the Wisconsin Catholic Conference has decried the ruling, calling it “nonsensical.”  

A Wisconsin ban on abortion from 1849 made it a felony to destroy an unborn child except in cases of a medical emergency. Though it was nullified in 1973 by the U.S. Supreme Court’s landmark Roe v. Wade decision, Wisconsin lawmakers never repealed the law. After Roe was overturned in 2022, pro-life advocates urged the court to affirm that the repeal of Roe reactivated the law. 

But earlier this week, the state Supreme Court’s liberal majority determined that the 1849 law was superseded by other pro-life regulations of abortion that have since been adopted in Wisconsin. Justices called the legislation “a substitute” for the previous law.

Wisconsin Catholic Conference Executive Director Barbara Sella condemned the decision, saying that “the court’s majority has abandoned Wisconsin’s proud legacy of protecting all human life,” noting that Wisconsin banned abortion in 1849 and the death penalty in 1853.

Abortionist who left half a fetus behind wants to out woman who sued

An abortionist has demanded in court that the identity of a woman who sued him for medical negligence be unveiled to the public.

After the Illinois-based abortionist left half a baby inside a patient’s body, the patient — a 32-year-old woman who was five months pregnant with her fifth child — sued.

After the story made headlines, Dr. Keith Reisinger-Kindle of Equity Clinic in Champaign, Illinois, called for a gag order against the woman, identified as “Jane Doe,” while also arguing in court that she should not be granted anonymity.

Reisinger-Kindle was recently reprimanded and fined $5,000 by the Illinois Department of Financial and Professional Regulation.

The lawsuit alleges that Reisinger-Kindle did not adequately examine Doe after discharging her from the clinic. When Doe went to the emergency room, surgeons found that Reisinger-Kindle allegedly perforated her uterus. According to the lawsuit, surgeons found pieces of the child adhered to her intestines.

At 22 weeks, Doe’s baby was nearing the age of viability — the age when an unborn child can survive outside of the womb, usually determined to be about 24-26 weeks. In Illinois, abortions are allowed up until fetal viability.

Pope Leo XIV receives a drawing from a girl participating in the “Estate Ragazzi in Vatican” summer camp on July 3, 2025, at the Vatican. / Credit: Vatican Media

ACI Prensa Staff, Jul 3, 2025 / 14:00 pm (CNA).

Pope Leo XIV visited the Paul VI Hall on Thursday to meet with about 310 children and adolescents participating in the “Estate Ragazzi in Vaticano” (summer camp for kids at the Vatican).

In addition, another 300 children and adolescents from Ukraine, hosted by Caritas Italy during the summer, participated in the encounter with Pope Leo XIV.

This is the sixth edition of this summer camp for the children of employees of the Holy See. The theme this year is “When the Other Person Is Everything.”

On July 3, shortly before noon, at the end of the audiences, the Holy Father continued with the tradition of visiting these little ones. He was received by the summer camp volunteers and later he spoke with the children, responding to some questions.

As he spoke with them, the pope shared some memories from his childhood, such as attending Mass, where he met other children and friends, but above all “the best friend of all, Jesus,” the Holy See said in a statement.

The pontiff also spoke about diversity and acceptance, and offered a few words of welcome in English to the Ukrainian children, emphasizing that “it’s important to respect one another, look beyond differences, to build bridges, create friendship; we can all be friends, brothers, sisters.”

Responding to a question about war, he explained that even from a young age, it is necessary to learn to be builders of peace and friendship, to not get into wars or conflicts, and to never promote hatred or envy.

He noted that “Jesus calls us all to be friends” and advised the children to “learn from a young age to have mutual respect, to see the other person as someone like myself.”

The children and adolescents offered the Holy Father some gifts they had made during the summer camp as well as drawings and artwork made by the Ukrainian children and adolescents.

At the end of the encounter, after taking group photos with them, Pope Leo XIV invited them to pray the Hail Mary together and gave his blessing to all those present.

This story was first published by ACI Prensa, CNA’s Spanish-language news partner. It has been translated and adapted by CNA.

Sacred Heart Hall at Siena Heights University in Adrian Michigan. / Credit: Dwight Burdette, CC BY 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Washington, D.C. Newsroom, Jul 3, 2025 / 13:32 pm (CNA).

Siena Heights University will close at the conclusion of the 2025-2026 academic year following an assessment of the school’s “financial situation, operational challenges, and long-term sustainability,” the school said this week.

The small Catholic institution of about 2,300 students located in Adrian, Michigan, reported that “despite the dedication of our board, faculty, staff, students, alumni, and supporters, continuing operations beyond the coming academic year is no longer feasible.”

In a June 30 announcement, the university’s president, Douglas Palmer, said the school “has been a beacon of light in a world sometimes cast in darkness.”

“The spirit of Siena Heights will continue long after the institution itself closes its doors because it lives in every graduate, faculty member, and staff person who has been on campus — whether in person or online,” he said.

Siena Heights is a Catholic liberal arts school offering undergraduate and graduate programs. It was founded in 1919 by the Adrian Dominican Sisters, following the Dominican intellectual tradition of “truth and social responsibility.”

The university reported the closure has the “full support of the board of trustees and general council of the Adrian Dominican Sisters.”

Originally the institution was a college for women studying to be teachers. By the 1950s it was recognized as one of the nation’s 10 best liberal arts colleges for women. It broadened its offering over the years and eventually welcomed men as well.

Ahead of its closure, the school said that its “top priority will be its students’ academic progress and working with partner institutions to establish transfer pathways that allow as little disruption as possible. Faculty and staff will be supported with transition assistance.”

The school year will start for the last time this upcoming fall, and “the intent is to have as full and vibrant an academic year as possible, including academics, athletics, support services, and extracurriculars.”

“We are deeply grateful to the faculty, staff, students, and alumni who have worked hard decade after decade to make Siena Heights an incredibly special place,” Palmer said. “We look ahead to the next academic year planning all the activities one would normally get including athletics, residential life, and great events that we share with our alumni and entire community.”

Cardinal Victor Manuel Fernández, prefect of the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith, speaks during a press conference about a new Vatican document on human dignity on April 8, 2024. / Credit: Daniel Ibañez/CNA

Vatican City, Jul 3, 2025 / 13:02 pm (CNA).

Cardinal Victor Manuel Fernández, prefect of the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith, said Thursday that judges have been selected to hear the trial of Father Marko Rupnik, a former Jesuit accused of sexual abuse against women.

The cardinal told journalists that the judges chosen are “independent and external” to the dicastery but did not indicate when the Slovenian priest’s trial is set to take place in the Vatican.

“The idea was, if possible, to eliminate the idea that the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith or the Holy See had any interest or were subjected to pressure,” he said.

Rupnik, whose religious artworks can be found in shrines and churches around the world, has been accused by at least a dozen women, mostly former nuns, of sexual, psychological, and spiritual abuse that reportedly occurred over the past three decades.

In May 2019, the then-Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith launched a criminal administrative process against Rupnik after the Society of Jesus reported credible complaints of abuse by the priest to the Vatican.

One year later, the congregation declared Rupnik to be in a state of “latae sententiae” excommunication in May 2020. His excommunication lasted only two weeks.

The Society of Jesus subsequently expelled Rupnik from the religious congregation in June 2023 for his “stubborn refusal to observe the vow of obedience.”

Since allegations of abuse against Rupnik first became public in 2018, several Church leaders and Catholic groups around the world have increasingly called for the removal of sacred art created by the former Jesuit.

On March 31, the Shrine of Our Lady of Lourdes in France announced its decision to cover Rupnik mosaics found at the entrances to the Basilica of Our Lady of the Rosary.   

The Dicastery for Communication, meanwhile, removed digital images of Rupnik’s art from its Vatican News website on June 9. 

The changes came days after Pope Leo met with members of the Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors on June 5.

The Holy Father also met with Cardinal Seán O’Malley, president of the Vatican body commissioned with safeguarding vulnerable adults and children, within the first week of his pontificate on May 14.

In June 2024, O’Malley sent a letter to the dicasteries of the Roman Curia expressing hope that “pastoral prudence would prevent displaying artwork in a way that could imply either exoneration or a subtle defense” of those accused of abuse.

“We must avoid sending a message that the Holy See is oblivious to the psychological distress that so many are suffering,” O’Malley wrote in a letter to Curia leaders last year.

Cardinal Michael Czerny, SJ (right), leads a press conference announcing the Mass for the Care of Creation at the Vatican on Thursday, July 3, 2025. / Credit: Hannah Brockhaus/CNA

Vatican City, Jul 3, 2025 / 12:18 pm (CNA).

The Vatican on Thursday presented new Mass prayers and biblical readings to be used to support the Church’s appreciation for God’s creation.

The “Mass for the Care of Creation,” inspired by Pope Francis’ environmental encyclical Laudato Si’, has prayers and Mass readings designed “to ask God for the ability to care for creation,” Cardinal Michael Czerny, SJ, said at a July 3 presentation.

“With this Mass, the Church is offering liturgical, spiritual, and communal support for the care we all need to exercise of nature, our common home. Such service is indeed a great act of faith, hope, and charity,” the cardinal added.

The “Mass for the Care of Creation” is part of the Catholic Church’s Masses and Prayers for Various Needs and Occasions. It can be celebrated on a weekday when other liturgical celebrations do not take precedence.

The Vatican published the “formulary” of the Mass, which includes options for biblical readings and the formulas of prayers recited by the priest: the entrance antiphon, collect, prayer over the offerings, Communion antiphon, and prayer after Communion.

Czerny said Pope Leo XIV will celebrate a private Mass using the new prayer formulas in Castel Gandolfo on July 9. The Mass will be for employees of the Borgo Laudato Si’ initiative, which aims to put into practice the principles for integral development outlined in Francis’ encyclical Laudato Si’.

The formulary of the “Mass of Care for Creation” is part of a group of Masses that can be said for various civil needs, such as for the country, for the blessing of human labor, for planting and for harvest time, in time of war, and after a natural disaster.

According to Bishop Vittorio Francesco Viola, OFM, secretary of the Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments, bishops’ conferences can indicate a day for the Mass to be celebrated if they wish.

Viola also noted that “the theme of creation is already present in the liturgy,” but the Mass for the Care of Creation helps emphasize what Pope Francis wrote in paragraph 66 of Laudato Si’, that “human life is grounded in three fundamental and closely intertwined relationships: with God, with our neighbor, and with the earth itself.”

The Vatican’s liturgy dicastery was responsible for the new Mass formulary, requested by Francis and approved by Leo, but Czerny said the Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development, the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith, and the Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity were also happy to collaborate on the project.

“Sacred Scripture exhorts humankind to contemplate the mystery of creation and to give endless thanks to the Holy Trinity for this sign of his benevolence, which, like a precious treasure, is to be loved, cherished, and simultaneously advanced as well as handed down from generation to generation,” the divine worship dicastery’s decree states.

“At this time it is evident that the work of creation is seriously threatened because of the irresponsible use and abuse of the goods God has endowed to our care,” it continues. “This is why it is considered appropriate to add a Mass formulary ‘pro custodia creationis’” to the Roman Missal.

Federal Reserve Bank of New York. / Credit: Velkiira, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

CNA Staff, Jul 3, 2025 / 11:48 am (CNA).

A federal appeals court has revived a Catholic worker’s lawsuit against the Federal Reserve Bank of New York over the bank’s having fired her for refusing to take a COVID-19 vaccine on religious grounds. 

The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in its Wednesday ruling partially reversed the findings of a district court, which had dismissed former Federal Reserve executive assistant Jeanette Diaz’s lawsuit against the bank over her 2022 dismissal. 

Diaz had argued that the bank’s policy requiring vaccination against COVID-19 would violate her Catholic faith, citing her opposition to vaccines “created using human cell lines derived from abortion.” 

The worker had asked her pastor in the Archdiocese of Newark, New Jersey, to sign a letter on her behalf affirming her refusal on religious grounds, though her pastor “refused” to do so, citing Church teaching. The Vatican in 2020 said that it is “morally acceptable” to receive COVID-19 vaccines produced using cell lines from aborted fetuses when no alternative is available.

Diaz nevertheless sought an exemption as a Catholic on grounds of an objection of conscience. Yet the district court ruled against her, claiming that she had failed to show her objection “was based in sincerely held religious beliefs” and pointing to alleged evidence that her opposition was motivated by secular and not religious concerns.

The court had also held that Diaz at times acted inconsistently in her religious belief, such as in taking medication in other cases without first affirming that it was made without using aborted fetal cells.

In reversing the lower court’s order, the appeals court said a jury could infer that Diaz “has both secular and religious objections to the COVID-19 vaccines.” Such distinctions should be made by a jury and not a court, the appeals ruling said.

Regarding Diaz’s alleged inconsistency, the appeals court cited precedent holding that “a sincere religious believer doesn’t forfeit his religious rights merely because he is not scrupulous in his observance.” The court again stipulated that a jury should be allowed to determine the plaintiff’s motivations.

The evidence the lower court relied on “at best” calls into question Diaz’s credibility without ultimately determining it, the appeals court said.

The ruling vacated the lower court’s order regarding Diaz and remanded it for further proceedings.

Though the appeals court found in Diaz’s favor, it upheld another ruling against former Federal Reserve employee Lori Gardner-Alfred.

Gardener-Alfred had cited her decades-long membership in the Temple of the Healing Spirit. But she “could give almost no details” about her participation in that temple, the appeals court noted, and much of the information she gave was “often contradicted” by other elements of her testimony.

The “evidence of Gardner-Alfred’s religious beliefs is so wholly contradictory, incomplete, and incredible that no reasonable jury could accept her professed beliefs as sincerely held,” the appeals court held.

Though it ruled in Diaz’s favor, the appeals court ruling upheld the lower court’s order imposing sanctions on both women for “discovery misconduct.”

The plaintiffs “acted intentionally and in bad faith when they repeatedly flouted the district court’s orders, neglected their discovery obligations under the federal rules, and withheld relevant documents that were potentially damaging to their case,” the appeals court noted.

In November 2024 a jury awarded a Catholic Michigan woman $12.7 million after Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan refused to give her a religious exemption from the company’s COVID-19 vaccine mandate and fired her.

The Vatican repeatedly affirmed its support for the COVID vaccines amid the height of the COVID-19 crisis. In 2024 Pope Francis named biochemist Katalin Karikó to the Pontifical Academy for Life; the scientist helped develop the mRNA technology used to create the Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines.